林地调查说明 Review of Forest Survey
本年度林地调查分两个阶段实施：
2025年7月10日至17日，项目组织志愿者对4块近熟林开展抽样调查，共完成16个样地、480株林木的测量工作；2025年10月14日至11月1日，雇佣当地农户历时14天，完成22处林地、80个样地的普查，累计测量林木2870株。本次调查样本量占近十年林木总量的0.11%。
This year's forest survey was carried out in two phases: From July 10th to 17th, 2025, volunteers conducted a sampling survey on 4 near - mature forests. A total of 16 sample sites and 480 trees were measured. From October 14th to November 1st, 2025, local farmers were hired to help with the survey work, together completing the survey in 22 forest plots and 80 sample sites over 14 days, measuring a total of 2,870 trees. The survey ratio was 0.11% among total number of the trees planted by MTP during the past 10 years.
图 1. 历年调查抽样树木及比例
Fig. 1 The numer and ratio of the trees sampled during the forest sruvey each year
7月份测量的林地位于库伦旗，主要为2010-2012年栽植的林地。10月份测量的林地位于科尔沁左翼后旗，主要为2014-2025年栽植的林地。
The July foerst survey looked into the forest sites located in Kulunqi, planted between 2010 and 2012. The forest plots surveyed in October are located in Horqin Zuoyi Houqi, planted between 2014 and 2025.
图 2. 林地测量工作照片
Fig. 2 Mearsuring trees during the survey
林地概况 Forest Basic Information
截至2025年，MTP项目于内蒙古通辽市共栽植50块林地，绿化面积达41820.05亩，栽植各树种共计3114507棵。其中，2025年栽植3块林地，均位于科尔沁左翼后旗吉尔嘎朗镇，共计1150亩。
To date, MTP has successfully planted 3,114,507 trees on 50 forest plots, covering an area of 41,820.05 Mu in Inner Mongolia. In 2025, five new plots were planted in Jiergalang Town, with a total area of 1150 Mu. (1 Hectare=15 Mu)
图3. 历年栽植面积变化
Fig. 3 Planting areas of each year
栽植树种 Type of Trees
截止2025年，栽植树种9种，分别为：杂交杨树（通林5，哲林4，白城杨，小黑杨等）1年和2年生裸根苗；文冠果播种苗；五角枫播种苗；樟子松3年生容器苗；榆树2年生苗；小叶锦鸡儿（1年生容器苗），柳树2年生苗，黄檗2年生苗以及云杉3年生苗。
To date, we have planted 9 types of tree species in MTP forests, including 1-year-old and 2-year-old hybrid poplar bare-root seedlings, yellow horn seedlings, maple (Acer Mono) seedlings, 3-year-old container pine tree seedlings, 2-year-old elm seedlings, 1-year-old Caragana microphylla container seedlings, 2-year-old willow seedlings, 2-year-old Phellodendron amurense seedlings, and 3-year-old spruce seedlings.
图 4. 树种数量对比
Fig. 4 Types of trees
林地保存率 Forest Survival Rate
经过测量后综合统计，2025年度全林地保存率均值为74.57%。
Based on our survey results, the overall survival rate of all MTP forests in 2025 was 74.57%.
图5. 历年保存率变化
Fig. 5 Survival rates over the years
林地整体保存率略有下滑，但近五年能始终稳定在74%左右。主要原因在于2021年前栽植的林地状况较为稳定，保存率未出现明显波动。尽管整体保存率受近年林地状况影响较显著，但近年栽植量占总规模的比例较低，因此整体保存率仍基本维持在70%以上。
The overall survival rate of MTP forests has slightly declined, but has remained stable at around 74% for the past five years. The main reason is that forest plots planted before 2021 are in relatively stable condition, so there is no significant fluctuations in their survival rates. The overall survival rate is notably influenced by the condition of recently planted forest plots. However, the proportion of these forests among the total is relatively low, the overall survival rate is still maintained at over 70%.
图6. 2025年度各林地保存率
Fig. 6 Survival rates of each plot in 2025
其中，绝大部分林地保存率达60%以上，2025-2、2014-1保存率较低，2014-2保存率较去年显著提升。2025-2因栽植质量问题导致苗木死亡过多；2014-1、2014-2因道路积水问题更换抽样样地，产生误差。后续将结合抽样代表性重新调整测量样地。
The survival rates of most forest plots exceeded 60%, with lower survival rates in Plot 2025-2 and 2014-1, while the survival rate of 2014-2 improved significantly compared to last year. The low survival rate in 2025-2 was due to planting quality issues; the sample sites for 2014-1 and 2014-2 were changed due to road flooding, resulting in statistical error. The sample sites will be readjusted in the future taking into account the representativeness of the sampling.
图7. 主要树种的保存率对比
Fig. 7 Survival rates of the five main tree species
各树种保存率近几年总体稳定在70%左右，基本符合本地区人工林栽植平均水平。
The survival rate of various tree species has remained generally stable at around 70% in recent years, aligning with the average level of other afforestation programs in this region.
总结 Conclusion
2025年通辽地区全年降雨量略低于去年，且极端高温天气频发，不利于初植期新苗木生长。新林地出现杂草滋生、土壤蒸发返碱等问题，导致当年林地保存率相较初植水平偏低。
In 2025, the annual rainfall in Tongliao was slightly lower than last year, and extreme high temperatures occurred frequently, which was in favor of the growth of newly planted seedlings. Problems such as weed proliferation and evaporation-induced salt accumulation in the soil emerged in the new forest plots, leading to a lower survival rate compared to the regular initial planting level.
图8. 白色盐碱化土壤（左）和树行内茂密的杂草（右）
Fig. 8 Saline-alkaline soil (left) and dense weeds growing between tree rows (right).
而栽植多年的林地，受气候直接影响较小，若未遭严重人为破坏，保存率基本可维持当前水平。
However, forests that have been planted for many years are less likely to be impacted by climate. Their survival rates are expected to be maintained at the current level, as long as there is no irreversible damage caused by human activity.