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通辽市 Tongliao
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通辽市位于内蒙古自治区东部，东与吉林省接壤，南与辽宁省毗邻，西与赤峰市、锡林郭勒盟交界，北与兴安盟相连，总面积59535平方公里，南北长约418公里，东西宽约370公里。地理坐标是东经119°14′－123°43′，北纬42°15′－45°59′。全市地势南部和北部高，中部低平，呈马鞍形。北部为大兴安岭南麓余脉的石质山地丘陵，占全市总面积的22.8%，海拔高度400-1300m；南部为辽西山地边缘的浅山、黄土丘陵区，占全市总面积的7.0%，海拔高度550-730m；中部为西辽河流域沙质冲积平原，占全市总面积的70.7%，海拔高度120-320m，其中在西辽河流域冲积平原与山地、丘陵之间的过渡地带分布着起伏不平的沙丘和沙地，海拔高度200-400m。
Lying on the south part of Keerqin Sandy Land, the municipality of Tongliao has a total area of 59,535 km2. It stretches 418km from north to south, and 370km from east to west. It’s within the coordinates of E 119°14′- E123°43 and N 42°15′- N45°59. The landscape and the climactic conditions of the area have played a pivotal role in the process of desertification. Both the north and south of Tongliao is higher, the middle part comparatively low, making this municipality seem like a horse saddle. The North part are hills with elevation 400-1300m, taking 22.8% of the total area of Tongliao. The South part are hills with an elevation of 550-730m, taking about 7.0% of the total area. The Middle is sandy alluvial plain with an elevation of 120-320m, taking 70.7% of the total area. Among these, there are zones of transition with rolling sand dunes and sandy lands, with elevations of 200-400m.
当地属典型的半干旱大陆性季风气候，春季干旱多风，夏季炎热，雨热同季。年平均气温0-6℃，年平均日照时数3000小时左右，≥10℃积温3000-3200℃，无霜期140-160天。尽管年平均气温低，但日照强烈。年平均日照时长为3000小时（美国纽约为2207小时），年平均降水量350-400mm，蒸发量是降水量的5倍左右。年平均风速3-4.4m/s，全年8级以上大风日数20-30天。
Classified as a Continental Steppe Climate (influenced by monsoons), Tongliao experiences four distinct seasons. Each spring the prefecture encounters very dry and cold conditions with heavy winds; and while the summers are much warmer, they are also very humid and short-lived. The annual average temperature of Tongliao is only 0-6°C and annual accumulated temperature of 3,000-3,200 °C, making life difficult for a primarily agricultural based economy, as they also only receive 140-160 frost-free days in the year. Despite the cold air, the area still receives a great deal of sun exposure. The accumulated hours of daylight throughout the year average 3,000 (compared to New York, USA which averages 2,207 hours). Tongliao only receives 340-400mm of rainfall per year, but evaporate five times the amount of rain that falls. Additionally, the average wind speed is 3-4.4 mi/second, and can reach a level 8 out of 12 or higher on the Beaufort scale, 20-30 days per year.
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